On This Day in History......

0305 Emperor Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus Jovius of Rome resigns
1006 Supernova observed by Chinese & Egyptians in constellation Lupus
1048 Bishop Bernold flees St Pieterskerk for Utrecht Netherlands
1394 Ekiho, exorcised the Zen temple & its surroundings from an old badger
1523 Danish king Christian III arrives in Veere
1528 Pánfilo the Narvaéz begins exploration to with 350 men to Florida
1544 Turkish troops occupy Hungary
1551 Council of Trente resumes
1598 Jacob van Necks merchant fleet departs for Java
1625 Portuguese & Spanish expedition recaptures Salvador (Bahia)
1625 Prince Frederik Henry appointed viceroy of Holland
1682 Louis XIV & his court inaugurate Paris Observatory
1703 Battle at Rultusk: Swedish army beats Russians
1704 Boston Newsletter publishes 1st newspaper ad
1707 England, Wales & Scotland form UK of Great Britain
1711 Arch duke Karel of Austria/Hungarian rebellion sign Peace of Szatmar
1715 Prussia declares war on Sweden
1725 Spain & Austria sign trade treaty
1751 1st American cricket match is played
1757 Austria & France divide Prussia
1759 British fleet occupies Guadeloupe, West-Indies, on France
1776 Adam Weishaupt founds the secret society of Illuminati
1777 RB Sheridans "School for Scandal" premieres in London
1781 Emperor Jozef II decrees protection of population
1786 Mozart's opera "Marriage of Figaro" premieres in Wien (Vienna)
1822 John Phillips becomes 1st mayor of Boston
1834 Belgian parliament accept railway laws
1840 1st adhesive postage stamps ("Penny Blacks" from England) issued
1841 1st emigrant wagon train leaves Independence MO for California
1844 Samuel Morse sends 1st telegraphic message
1844 Whig convention nominates Henry Clay as presidential candidate
1846 Ida Pfeiffer (48) begins trip around world
1850 John Geary becomes 1st San Fransisco mayor
1851 Great Exhibition opens in London's Hyde Park, at Crystal Palace
1853 Argentina adopts its constitution
1854 Amsterdam begins transferring drinking water out of the dunes
1857 William Walker, conqueror of Nicaragua, surrenders to US Navy
1861 Lee orders Confederate troops under T J Jackson to Harper's Ferry
1862 Union captain David Farragut conquers New Orleans
1863 Battle of Chancellorsville VA (29,000 injured or died)
1863 Battle of Port Gibson, Mississippi
1863 Confederate "National Flag" replaces "Stars & Bars"
1863 Confederate congress passed resolution to kill black soldiers
1864 Atlanta campaign, Georgia
1864 Battle at Alexandria LA (Red River Campaign)
1864 Wilderness campaign
1866 American Equal Rights Association forms
1867 Howard University chartered
1867 Reconstruction of South begins, black voter registration
1869 "Folies-Bergère" opens in Paris France
1869 A colt is reported killed by a meteorite near New Concord OH
1873 1st US postal card issued
1873 Emperor Franz Jozef opens 5th World's Fair in Wien (Vienna)
1875 238 members of "Whiskey Ring" accused of anti-US activities
1883 "Buffalo Bill" Cody put on his 1st Wild West Show
1883 Amsterdam World's Fair opens
1883 Baseball returns to Philadelphia, 1st National League game since 1876
1883 New York Athletic Club hires Bob Rogers as 1st American pro sports trainer
1884 Construction begins on Chicago's 1st skyscraper (10 stories)
1884 Moses Walker became 1st black player in the major league
1885 Maria "Goeie Mie" Swanenburg sentence to life for killing 27 in Netherlands
1886 US general strike for 8 hour day, begins
1889 1st International Workers Day, according to the 2nd International
1889 Bayer introduces aspirin in powder form (Germany)
1891 Cy Young pitches 1st game played in Cleveland's League Park Cleveland Spiders 12, Cincinnati Redlegs 3
1892 US Quarantine Station opens on Angel Island, San Fransisco Bay
1893 World Columbian Exposition opens in Chicago
1898 George Dewey commands, "You may fire when you are ready, Gridley" as US route Spanish fleet at Manila
1900 Premature blast collapses mine tunnel killing 200 at Scofield UT
1900 Roermond soccer team forms in Roermond
1901 Detroit Tigers commit 12 errors against Chicago White Sox
1901 Herb McFarland hit 1st grand slam in the American League
1901 Pan-American Exposition opens in Buffalo
1906 Phillie's John Lush no-hits Brooklyn Dodgers, 6-0
1907 Belgian Government of De Trooz forms
1907 Indian Mine Laws passes (concessions from Netherlands-Indies)
1908 World's most intense rain shower (2.47" in 3 minutes) at Portobelo Panamá
1909 Netherlands begins unity with Belgium
1912 Amsterdam-North soccer team DWV forms
1912 Beverly Hills Hotel opens
1913 Longacre Theater opens at 220 W 48th St New York NY
1914 China's 1st president Yuan Shikai wins dictatorial qualification
1915 British Lusitania leaves New York, for Liverpool
1915 German submarine sinks US ship Gulflight
1919 Mount Kelud (Indonesia) erupts, boiling crater lake which broke through crater wall killing 5,000 people in 104 small villages
1920 Babe Ruth's 1st Yankee homerun & 50th of career, out of Polo Grounds
1920 Belgian-Luxembourg toll tunnel opens
1920 Brooklyn Dodgers tie Boston Braves, 1-1, in 26 innings
1921 Drusian sultan Pasja al-Atrasj elected Governor of Suwayda
1922 Charlie Robertson of Chicago pitches a perfect no-hit, no-run game
1923 49th Kentucky Derby: Earl Sande aboard Zev wins in 2:05.4
1924 Admiral Paul Koundouriótis becomes President of Greece
1925 A's Jimmie Foxx, 17, 1st game; he pinch-hits a single
1925 Cyprus becomes a British Crown Colony
1926 British coal-miners go on strike
1926 Satchel Paige makes pitching debut in Negro Southern League
1927 1st British airliner to serve cooked meals (Imperial Airways)
1927 Netherlands beats Belgium 3-2 in soccer match in Amsterdam
1927 Panningen soccer team forms in Panningen
1928 6 children die & 10 injured by hailstones in Klausenburg, Romania
1928 Drunken fascist Erich Wichman attacks VARA-radio transmitter
1928 Lei Day begun (a Hawaiian celebration)
1928 Pitcairn Airlines (later Eastern) begins service
1928 Rotterdam soccer team Black White '28 forms
1929 Brooklyn's Johnny Finn sets 100 yard sack race in 14.4 seconds
1929 Farm workers strike begins in East-Groningen
1929 Police kill 19 Mayday demonstrators in Berlin
1930 Bradman scores 236 Australia vs Worcestershire, his 1st f-class innings in England
1931 Empire State Building opens in New York NY
1931 Norway claims Peter I Island
1931 Singer Kate Smith begins her long-running radio program on CBS
1932 1st Suriname union congress at Paramaribo
1934 Austria signs pact with Vatican
1934 Philippine legislature accepts US proposal for independence
1934 Water state kingdom dismisses NSB-leader Anton Mussert
1935 Boulder Dam completed
1935 Canada's 1st silver dollar is circulated
1936 Emperor Haile Selassie leaves Ethiopia as Italian invades
1936 FBI's J Edgar Hoover arrests Alvin Karpis
1937 FDR signs act of neutrality
1939 Batman Comics hit the street
1939 Pulitzer Prize awarded to Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings (The Yearling)
1940 140 Palestinian Jews die as German planes bomb their ship
1940 The 1940 Olympics are cancelled
1941 "Citizen Kane", directed by & starring Orson Welles, premieres in New York
1941 General Mills introduces Cheerios
1941 German assault on Tobruk
1942 Radio Orange calls to defy order to wear "Jewish star"
1943 1st edition of illegal "The Free Artist" appears in Amsterdam
1943 69th Kentucky Derby: Johnny Longden aboard Count Fleet wins in 2:04
1943 Food rationing begins in US
1943 German plane sinks boat loaded with Palestinian Jews bound for Malta
1943 German Wehrmacht deployed in order to break Dutch strikes
1943 Rauter signs unofficial death sentence
1944 Messerschmitt Me-262 Sturmvogel, first operational jet aircraft (twin-jet fighter), makes 1st flight
1944 Pulitzer prize awarded to Martin Flavin (Journey in the Dark)
1944 Surprise attack on Weteringschans Amsterdam, fails
1945 900 occupiers of Demmin Vorpommeren commit suicide
1945 Admiral Karl Doenitz forms German government
1945 Australian & Dutch troops lands on Tarakan
1945 General Belgian Labor Union (ABVV) party forms
1945 Radio Budapest, Hungary re-enters shortwave broadcasting after WWII
1945 Seys-Inquart flees to Flensburg
1945 Soviet army reach Rostock
1946 Fieldmarshal Montgomery appointed British supreme commander
1946 Mrs Emma Clarissa Clement named "American Mother of the Year"
1947 Cleveland Indians abandon League Park to play all games at Municipal Stadium
1947 Lieutenant General Hoyt S Vandenberg, USA, ends term as 2nd head of CIA
1947 Radar for commercial & private planes 1st demonstrated
1947 Rear Admiral Roscoe H Hillenkoetter, USN, becomes 3th director of the CIA
1948 74th Kentucky Derby: Eddie Arcaro aboard Citation wins in 2:05.4; this is Arcaro's 4th win
1948 Glenn Taylor, Idaho Senator, arrested in Birmingham AL for trying to enter a meeting through a door marked "for Negroes"
1948 North Korea proclaims itself People's Democratic Republic of Korea
1948 Pope Pius XII publishes encyclical Auspicia quaedam
1949 A's Elmer Valo is 1st American League'er to hit 2 bases-loaded triples in a game
1949 Gerard Kuiper discovers Nereid, (2nd satellite of Neptune)
1950 Gwendolyn Brooks, is 1st Black awarded a Pulitzer Prize (poetry)
1950 Mayor of Brussels reluctantly bans May Day parade
1950 New marriage laws enforced in People's Republic China
1950 Pulitzer prize awarded to Rodgers & Hammerstein (South Pacific)
1950 WJIM (now WLNS) TV channel 6 in Lansing MI (CBS) begins broadcasting
1951 600,000 march for peace & freedom in Germany
1951 Dutch Reformed Church introduces new church choir
1951 Mickey Mantle's 1st homerun
1951 Minnie Minoso becomes the 1st black to play for the White Sox
1952 Marines take part in an atomic explosion training in Nevada
1952 Mr Potato Head, introduced
1952 TWA introduces tourist class
1954 80th Kentucky Derby: Raymond York aboard Determine wins in 2:03
1954 Bishops publish Mandement (member socialist organization forbidden)
1954 HSA-UWC Established (Unification Church) (The Moonies)
1954 WAPA TV channel 4 in San Juan Puerto Rico (NBC/SFN) begins broadcasting
1955 Babe Didrikson-Zaharias wins LPGA Peach Blossom Golf Tournament
1955 Bobby Feller's 15th 1-hit or less game (12 1-hitters, 3 no-hitters)
1957 Flevo Boys soccer team forms in Emmeloord
1957 Larry King's 1st radio broadcast
1957 US give Poland credit of $95 million
1957 Vanguard TV-1 booster test reaches 195 km
1958 Ambonese rebellion bombed Ambon/conquer Morotai
1958 Arturo Frondizi sworn in as President of Argentina
1959 Floyd Patterson KOs Brian London in 11 for heavyweight boxing title
1959 West Germany introduces 5 day work week
1959 White Sox Early Wynn beats Red Sox 1-0 on his own homerun
1960 India's Bombay state split into Gujarat & Maharashtra states
1960 Pancho Gonzalez retires from tennis
1960 Russia shoots down Francis Gary Powers' U-2 spy plane over Sverdlovsk
1961 1st US airplane hijacked to Cuba
1961 Fidel Castro announces there will be no more elections in Cuba
1961 Pulitzer prize awarded to Harper Lee (To Kill a Mockingbird)
1961 Tanganyika granted full internal self-government by Britain
1962 1st French underground nuclear experiment in the Sahara
1962 Bo Belinsky pitches a no-hitter, in his 4th start
1962 France performs underground nuclear test at Ecker Algeria
1962 JFK authorizes Area Redevelopment Act (ARA)
1963 1st American (James Whittaker) conquers Mount Everest
1963 Indonesia takes control of Irian Jaya (west New Guinea) from Netherlands
1964 1st BASIC program runs on a computer (Dartmouth)
1965 91st Kentucky Derby: Bill Shoemaker on Lucky Debonair wins in 2:01.2
1965 Stanley Cup: Montréal Canadiens beat Chicago Blackhawks, 4 games to 3
1965 USSR launches Luna 5; later impacts on Moon
1966 Last British concert by the Beatles (Empire Pool in Wembley)
1966 Mickey Wright wins LPGA Shreveport Kiwanis Club Golf Invitational
1966 Radio RSA, South Africa begins shortwave transmitting
1966 US troops shooting targets in Cambodia
1967 Anastasio Somoza Debayle becomes President of Nicaragua
1967 Elvis Presley & Pricilla Beaulieu wed in Las Vegas
1967 Jelle Zijlstra becomes president of Netherlands Bank
1967 Pulitzer prize awarded to Bernard Malamud (The Fixer)
1968 "Ben Franklin in Paris" closes at Lunt Fontanne NYC after 215 performances
1968 Phillies J Boozer is ejected for throwing spitballs during his warmup
1969 43 Unification church couples wed in NYC
1969 Houston Don Wilson 2nd no-hitter beats Cincinnati Reds, 4-0
1969 Leonard Tose buys NFL Philadelphia Eagles for $16,155,000
1969 Pirate Radio Station 259 (England/France) begins transmitting
1971 97th Kentucky Derby: Gustavo Avila on Canonero II wins in 2:03.2
1971 Amtrak railroad begins operation
1971 Rolling Stones release "Brown Sugar"
1972 "Different Times" opens at ANTA Theater NYC for 24 performances
1972 North Vietnamese troops occupy Quang Tri Activities Committee
1972 Pulitzer prize awarded to Wallace Stegner (Angle of Repose)
1972 Radio's Mutual Black Network premieres
1973 San Fransisco Giants score 7 runs with 2 outs in 9th to beat Pirates, 8-7
1975 Islanders Parise & Potvin score within 14 seconds in playoffs Flyers 5-Isles 4-semifinals-Flyers hold 2-0 lead
1976 102nd Kentucky Derby: Angel Cordero Jr on Bold Forbes wins in 2:01.6
1976 Jos Hermens, Netherlands sets record for 20,000 meter, 57:24.2
1977 Chantal Langlace runs female world record marathon (2:35:15.4)
1977 Debbie Austin wins LPGA Birmingham Golf Classic
1977 Empress Lilly dedicated
1978 1st black mayor of New Orleans (Ernest Morial) inaugurated
1978 MVV soccer team forms in Maastricht
1978 Naomi Uemura became 1st to reach North Pole overland alone
1979 Elton John becomes 1st pop star to perform in Israel
1979 Home rule introduced to Kalaallit Nunaat (Greenland)
1979 Marshall Islands (in the Pacific) become self-governing
1980 "Day in Hollywood, Night in Ukraine" opens at John Golden NYC for 588 performances
1980 15th Academy of Country Music Awards: Barbara Mandrell wins
1980 American Book Award: William Styron (Sophie Choice)/T Wolfe (Right Stuff)
1980 Sabres & Islanders play to 1:20 of 5th period in a playoff
1981 Billie Jean King admits to a lesbian affair with Marilyn Barnett
1981 Harrison Williams (Senator-D-NJ) convicted on FBI Abscam charges
1981 Radio Shack releases Model III TRSDOS 1.3
1982 108th Kentucky Derby: Ed Delahoussaye on Gato Del Sol wins in 2:02.4
1982 1982 World's Fair in Knoxville TN opens
1982 Nordiques 4-Isles 5 (OT)-semifinals-Isles hold 3-0 lead
1983 "My One & Only" opens at St James Theater NYC for 767 performances
1983 Hollis Stacy wins LPGA CPC International Golf Tournament
1983 Nolan Ryan surpasses Walter Johnson for most strikeouts (3,508)
1984 Great Britain performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1984 Mick Fleetwood (of Fleetwood Mac) files for bankruptcy
1985 "Communist" bomb attack kills 2 firemen in Brussels
1985 US President Reagan ends embargo against Nicaragua
1985 William Hoffman's "As Is" premieres in NYC
1986 Bill Elliott sets stock car speed record of 212.229 mph
1986 Tass reports Chernobyl nuclear power plant mishap
1986 Will Stegers expedition reaches North Pole
1987 46 homeruns hit in 13 baseball games
1987 Pope John Paul II beatifies Edith Stein, a Jewish born nun
1988 "Romance/Romance" opens at Helen Hayes Theater NYC for 297 performances
1988 IRA attack in Roermond, kills 3
1988 Patti Rizzo wins LPGA Sara Lee Golf Classic
1989 135 acre Disney's MGM studio officially opens to the public
1989 Jockey Chris Antley ends record of 64 consecutive winning days
1989 US Supreme Court rules employees have legal burden to prove non-discriminatory reasons for not hiring or promoting
1990 "Prelude to a Kiss" opens at Helen Hayes Theater NYC
1991 "Will Rogers Follies" opens at Palace Theater NYC for 983 performances
1991 Actor Robert Duvall weds Sharon Brophy
1991 Angola's civil war ends
1991 A's Rickey Henderson breaks Lou Brocks record with his 939th steal (vs Yankees)
1991 Last day of Test cricket for Gordon Greenidge
1991 Milwaukee Brewers beat Chicago Cubs, 10-9, in 19 innings
1991 Rickey Henderson steals an all time record 939th base
1991 Skin-Spit-Skin featuring lesbian, homosexual & heterosexual nude couples caressing, is seen by 5,000 in NYC
1991 Texas Ranger Nolan Ryan pitches record 7th no hitter (beats Toronto 3-0)
1992 Eric Houston kills 4 in a California HS where he failed history 4 years prior
1992 Los Angeles Dodgers postpone 3 games due to racial riots due to Rodney King
1992 New York Rangers win their 1st ever 7th game of a playoff (vs New Jersey Devils)
1992 Rickey Henderson steals his 1,000th base
1993 119th Kentucky Derby: Jerry Bailey aboard Sea Hero wins in 2:02.4
1993 Bomb attack on Sri Lankan President (26 die)
1994 "My Fair Lady" closes at Virginia Theater NYC after 165 performances
1994 "Rise & Fall of Little Voice" opens at Neil Simon NYC for 9 performances
1994 Charles Kuralt retires as CBS newsman (On the Road)
1994 Sandra Palmer wins LPGA Sprint Senior Challenge Golf Tournament
1994 Sherri Steinhauer wins LPGA Sprint Golf Championship
1994 Tornado & hail storms hit Jiangxi China, 95 killed
1995 "On the Waterfront" opens at Atkinson Theater NYC for 8 performances
1995 Steve Waugh scores 200 for Australia vs West Indies at Sabina Park
1996 "Ideal Husband" opens at Barrymore Theater NYC for 308 performances
1996 Gerald Williams is 1st New York Yankee since 1934 to get 6 hits in a game
1997 Howard Stern Radio Show premieres in San Diego CA on KIOZ 105.3 FM
1997 Toni Blair elected PM of UK
1999 125th Kentucky Derby: Chris Antley aboard Charismatic wins in 2:03.2
=======================================================

Missing In Action.....

1967 BAILEY JOHN HOWARD DOCENA AL
1967 CORFIELD STAN L. GALLUP NM
1967 GAUGHAN ROGER CONRAD BELCHERTOWN MA
1967 GUAJARDO HILARIO H. SAN ANTONIO TX
1967 SMITH CARL ARTHUR ATTICA NY
1967 SOULIER DUWAYNE MILWAUKEE WI
1968 GERVAIS DONALD P. CLARKSVILLE TN
1968 MARTIN RICHARD D. HONOLULU HI
1968 WHITMIRE WARREN T. JR. FAIRFAX VA

Births which occurred on May 01:

1238 Magnus VI Lagabuter King of Norway (1263-80)
1245 Philippe III Poissy Yvelines France, King of France (1270-85)
1493 Phillippus Paracelsus Switzerland, physician/alchemist
1545 Franciscus Junius [François du Jon], French/Netherlands calvinist theologist
1567 Michiel Jansz van Mierevelt Dutch royal painter
1577 François van Kinschot Dutch treasurer
1582 Marco da Gagliano Italian opera composer
1592 Johann A Schall von Bell German missionaries/astronomer
1633 Sébastien le Prestre de Vauban French fortress architect
1672 Joseph Addison England, essayist (Spectator)
1735 John H van Kinsbergen Dutch Lieutenant-Admiral/founder of Dutch Marines Corps
1759 Jacob Albright [Albrecht], German/US predictor
1764 Benjamin Henry Latrobe engineer/architect (built Capitol)
1764 Gottfried Rieger composer
1769 Arthur Wellesley Duke of Wellington, British PM © (1828-30)
1771 George Guest composer
1775 Jacob-Joseph-Balthasar Martinn composer
1800 Ret Thomas Aloysius Dornin Commander (Union Navy), died in 1874
1807 John Bankhead "Prince John" Magruder Major General (Confederate Army)
1818 José Amador de los Ríos Spanish historian/poet
1819 William Steele Brigadier General (Confederate Army), died in 1885
1825 George Inness US landscape painter ("Delaware Water Gap")
1829 José M de Alencar Brazilian writer/minister of Justice
1830 Mary Harris Jones [Mother Jones], hell-raiser
1835 Alfred Napoleon Alexander "Natti" Duffie Brigadier General (Union volunteers)
1839 Chardonnet inventor (rayon)
1851 Eberhard Nestle German oriëntalist/biblical scholar
1852 Calamity [Martha] Jane [Burke] frontier adventurer/Indian fighter
1858 Anthony Johnson Showalter composer
1859 Bohuslav Jeremias composer
1859 Willem J Leyds Dutch/South Africa lawyer/politician/diplomat
1862 Anthony G Kröller entrepreneur/government advisor/husband of Helene Müller
1862 Marcel Prévost French publisher/writer (Les demis-vierges)
1872 Hugo Alfvén Stockholm Sweden, composer (Midsommarvaka)
1880 Conrad Weiss German writer/poet (Tantum dic verbo)
1881 Pierre Teilhard de Chardin France, philosopher/paleontologist
1884 Felipe Boero composer
1887 Alan Gordon Cunningham Irish/British general/director of Palestine (1945-48)
1892 Howard Barlow Plain City OH, conductor (Voice of Firestone)
1895 Leo Sowerby Grand Rapids MI, composer (Pulitzer 1946)
1898 Eugene R Black US, President of World Bank (1953-62)
1899 Jón Leifs Iceland, composer/conductor
19-- Sharon Spelman Los Angeles CA, actress (Joyce-Angie)
1900 Ignazio Silone Italy, novelist/politician (Bread and Wine)
1905 Leila Hyams New York NY, actress (Big House, Ruggles of Red Gap)
1905 Nikolai Tikhonov Soviet PM (1980-85)
1907 Jan Pauw CEO (Aruban Theater Group)
1907 Kate Smith Greenville AL, singer (God Bless America)/Philadelphia Flyer luck charm
1908 Giovanni Guareschi Italian writer (Don Camillo, Peppone)
1909 Ethel Jane Cain original UK Speaking Clock voice
1909 George Melachrino composer
1909 Yannis Ritsos Greek poet
1910 Cliff Battles Akron OH, NFL hall of famer (Braves, Redskins)
1912 Anna Pollak mezzo-soprano
1912 Felipe Padilla de Leon composer
1913 Walter Susskind Praha (Prague) Czechoslovakia, conductor
1916 Glenn Ford Québec Canada, actor (Cade's County, Big Heat, Midway)
1916 Jack Parr Canton OH, TV host (Jack Paar Show)
1916 Jane Jacobs Scranton PA, urbanologist
1917 Danielle Darrieux France, actress (Alexander the Great, Mayerling)
1917 John Beradino Los Angeles CA, actor (Steve Hardy-General Hospital)
1917 Louis G "Lo" van Hensbergen actor/author (Amsterdam Affair)
1919 Alwyn Farquharson Scottish clan-captain/large landowner
1919 Dan O'Herlihy Ireland, actor (Fail Safe, Last Starfighter, Robocop)
1921 12th Lord Middleton English large landowner/multi-millionaire
1921 Paul Daels president (Flemish Iron Pilgrimage committee)
1922 Louis Nye Hartford CT, comedian (Steve Allen, Happy Days)
1923 Joseph Heller Brooklyn NY, novelist (Catch-22, 1963 Arts & Letters Award)
1924 Art Fleming Bronx NY, TV host (Jeopardy)
1924 Earl George composer
1924 Enrico Josif composer
1924 Patricia Roberts Harris 1st US black woman cabinet member
1924 Terry Southern writer
1925 Chuck Bednarik Pennsylvania, NFL hall of fame center/linebacker (Philadelphia)
1925 Malcolm Scott Carpenter Boulder CO, astronaut (Mercury 7-Aurora 7)
1927 Greta Andersen Denmark, 100 meter freestyle swimmer (Olympics-gold-1948)
1927 Harry [Harold George Jr] Belafonte New York NY, calypso singer (The Banana Boat Song)
1927 Israr Ali cricket pace bowler (Pakistan in 4 Tests 1952-59)
1927 Lord Bathurst English earl/large landowner/multi-millionaire
1927 Roland Verhavert Flemish screen writer (Sea Gulls Die in the Harbor)
1927 William Mitchell Byers musician
1928 Raoul Servais Belgian cartoonist/president (l'ASIFA)
1929 Sonny James [James Loden] Hackelburg AL, rocker (Young Love)
1929 Sonny Ramadhin cricket spin bowler (great West Indies spin bowler)
1930 Little Walter [Marion Walter Jacobs] rocker
1930 Ollie Matson NFL halfback (Cardinals, Rams, Lions, Eagles)
1933 Joan Hackett East Harlem New York NY, actress (Defenders, Another Day)
1933 Uwe Greßmann writer
1934 Alette Beaujon Curaçaos poet (Gedichten on the Bay & Elsewhere)
1937 Bo Nilsson Swedish composer (Doppelspiel)
1939 Judy Collins Seattle WA, singer (Send in the Clowns, Both Sides Now, Clouds)
1939 Max Robinson Richmond VA, black news anchor (ABC Evening News)
1939 Ray Aranha Miami FL, actor (Nick-Married People)
1941 Barbara Barendrecht [BHM Wurfbain], actress (Dirty Picture)
1941 Juraj Hatrick composer
1942 Stephen Macht Philadelphia PA, actor (Joe-Knots Landing, Cagney & Lacey)
1943 Joy Harmon St Louis MO, actress (Cool Hand Luke)
1944 Rita Coolidge Nashville TN, singer (Higher & Higher, We're All Alone)
1946 Bruce Robinson actor (Story of Adele H)
1946 Jerry Weiss New York NY, rocker (Blood Sweat & Tears)
1946 Joanna Lumley Kashmir India, actress (Ab Fab, On Her Majesty's Secret Service)
1946 Nick Fortune [Nicholas Fortuna], rock bassist (Buckinghams Chicago)
1946 Tony Ashton rocker
1947 Carlos Ward rocker (B T Express)
1947 Ghulam Abbas cricketer (scored 12 & 0 in only Test for Pakistan 1967)
1948 James Wise US soul singer (Archie Bell & the Drells)
1949 Douglas Barr Cedar Rapids IA, actor (Howie-The Fall Guy)
1949 Margo Miller San Fransisco CA, fencer-epee (Olympics-96)
1950 Marina Stepanova Russian hurdler (world record 1986)
1951 Gordon Greenidge cricketer (great West Indian opener 1974-91)
1953 Elquemedo Willett cricketer (West Indies lefty spinner early 70's)
1953 Felix Hanemann rocker (Zebra)
1953 Mindy Moore LPGA golfer
1954 Michael Scott reporter (Entertainment Tonight)
1954 Ray Parker Jr Detroit MI, rock guitarist/vocalist (Ghostbusters-Who You Gonna Call?)
1954 Taslim Arif cricketer (Pakistan keeper/batsman, 210 vs Australia 1980)
1955 Julien Wiener cricketer (Australian opening batsman 1979-80)
1956 Byron Stewart Baxter Springs KS, actor (Warren Coolidge-St Elsewhere)
1957 Dick Swett (Representative-D-NH)
1957 Paul D Ronney Los Angeles CA, ScD/astronaut (STS 83 alternate)
1957 Rick Darling cricketer (accident-prone/dashing Aussie opener 1978-79)
1957 Steve Farris rock guitarist (Mr Mister)
1958 John Diehl Cincinnati OH, actor (Detective Zito-Miami Vice)
1959 Eddie Johnson NBA guard/forward (Houston Rockets, Indiana Pacers)
1959 Paul Smith rock saxophonist (Haircut 100)
1960 Albert McDonald Dartmouth Nova Scotia, US canoe (alternate-Olympics-96)
1961 Charlie O'Brien Tulsa OK, catcher (Brewers, Mets, Braves, Blue Jays)
1961 Steven Cauthen jockey (1978 Kentucky Derby-Affirmed)
1962 Gary Clark NFL wide receiver (Miami Dolphins)
1962 Paula Weishoff Hollywood CA, volleyballer (Olympics-silver-84, bronze-92, 96)
1962 Reggie Pleasant CFL cornerback (Edmonton Eskimos)
1963 Robert Seguso Minneapolis MN, tennis star
1964 Bruno Ravel Paris France, rocker (Danger Danger-Screw It)
1964 Carlos Aalbers Dutch soccer player (NEC)
1964 Ruth Picardie journalist
1964 Sarah FE Armstrong-Jones daughter of princess Margaret & Lord Snowdon
1965 Jon Warren Akron OH, 1.5k runner
1966 Armando Reynoso San Luis Potosi México, pitcher (Colorado Rockies)
1966 Charlie Schlatter New York NY, actor (18 Again, Heartbreak Hotel)
1966 Johnny Colt Cherry Point NC, rock bassist (Black Crowes-Shake Your Money Maker)
1966 Mark Coogan Manhaset NY, marathoner (Olympics-96)
1967 Bill Schultz NFL/WLAF offensive tackle (Denver Broncos, Scot Claymores)
1967 Marvcus Patton NFL linebacker (Washington Redskins)
1967 Scott Coffey Hawaii, actor (Satisfaction, Shout)
1967 Tawni Cable Salem OR, playmate (June 1989)
1967 Yael Arad Israel, Women's half middleweight judoka (Olympics-1996)
1968 Anton Scheutjens soccer player (Roda JC)
1968 Lisa Campbell Victoria Australia, badminton player (Olympics-96)
1968 Mark Scott Paramus NJ, rock drummer (Trixter-Give It To Me Good)
1969 Billy Owens NBA forward/guard (Sacramento Kings)
1969 Bryan Marchment Scarborough, NHL defenseman (Edmonton Oilers)
1969 Carrie Stevens Buffalo NY, playmate (June 1997)
1969 Roy Rosello singer (Menudo-Cannonball)
1970 Alex Van Pelt NFL quarterback (Buffalo Bills)
1970 Allen DeGraffenreid WLAF wide receiver (Scotland Claymores)
1970 Alundis Brice NFL cornerback (Dallas Cowboys)
1970 Damon Diletti Australian field hockey goal keeper (Olympics-silver-92, 96)
1971 Ethan Albright NFL tackle (Miami Dolphins, Buffalo Bills)
1971 Jamie Marie Swenson Miss USA-South Dakota (1997)
1971 Renee Poetschka Australian 200 meter/400 meter (Olympics-92, 96)
1971 Stuart Appleby Cohuna Australia, Nike golfer (1994 Victorian PGA)
1972 Bobby Chouinard Manilla Phillipines, pitcher (Oakland A's)
1973 Curtis Martin NFL running back (New England Patriots)
1973 Frank Beede NFL center (Seattle Seahawks)
1974 Keri Phebus Laguna Beach CA, tennis star
1974 Matthew Hatchette NFL wide receiver (Minnesota Vikings)
1974 Vladimir Zavyalov hockey forward (Team Kazakhstan Olympics-1998)
1975 Austin Croshere NBA forward (Indiana Pacers)
1976 Darius McCrary Walnut CA, actor (Edward Winslow-Family Matters)
1977 Anna Louise Wilson Dunedin New Zealand, 100 meter breast stroke (Olympics-96)
1979 Jennifer Botterill ice hockey forward (Canada, Olympics-98)
1979 Kimberly Grigsby Miss Virginia Teen USA (1997)
=====================================================

Deaths which occurred on May 01:

1171 Dermot MacMurrough last Irish king of Leinster, dies
1277 Stefanus IV Uros I de Great King of Serbia (1243-76), dies
1308 Albrecht I van Habsburg German King (1298-1308), murdered
1447 Louis VII Duke of Baveria (1413-43), dies
1456 Hugues de Lannoy Flemish viceroy of Holland/Zealand, dies
1471 Thomas a Kempis spiritual writer (Navolging of Christ), dies at 91
1555 Marcellus II [Marcello Cervini] Italian Pope (1555), dies at 53
1572 Pius V [Antonio Ghislieri] great-inquisiteur/Pope (1566-72), dies
1679 Esaias Reusner composer, dies at 43
1700 John Dryden English poet/playwright (Rival Ladies), dies
1703 Kiva Yoshinaka Japanese monarch, murdered
1733 Nicolas Coustou French sculptor (Saôn), dies at 75
1772 Gottfried Achenwall German lawyer/statistics/economist, dies at 52
1831 Antonius van Alphen apostle vicar of De Bosch, dies at 82
1863 Edward Dorr Tracy US Confederate Brigadier-General, dies in battle at 29
1869 ? colt reported killed by a meteorite near New Concord OH
1870 Francisco Solano López fieldmarshal/President of Paraguay
1872 Amalia princess of Weimar/wife of prince Hendrik the Navigator, dies
1873 David Livingstone British physician/explorer (Africa), dies at 60
1874 Vilem Blodek composer, dies at 39
1886 Conrad Busken Huet writer (Country of Rubens)
1886 Heinrich Franz Daniel Stiehl composer, dies at 56
1892 Willem A Scholten manufacturer (potatoes), dies at 89
1896 Naser ed-Din shah of Persia (1848-96), murdered at 65
1898 Alphonse Wauters Belgian historian, dies at 81
1900 Mihály von Munkácsy [Michael von Lieb], German painter, dies at 56
1902 John Glover English chemist (production sulfuric acid), dies at 85
1903 Arthur Haygarth cricketer (compiler of "Scores & Biographies"), dies
1903 Luigi Arditi violist/composer, dies at 80
1904 Antonín Dvorak Czechoslovakia, composer (Slavic Dancing), dies at 62
1917 José E Rodo Uruguayan writer (Motivos de proteo), dies
1921 Louis Campbell-Tipton composer, dies at 43
1924 August Cuppens Flemish author (Limburgs Driemanschap), dies at 62
1926 Nicolaus Adriani translator (Middle-Celebes Language), dies at 60
1932 Paul Doumer President of France (1931-32), assassinated by Russia's Paul Gargalov
1934 Alexander Alexandrovich Davidenko composer, dies at 35
1937 Snitz Edwards actor (Phantom of the Opera, College), dies at 75
1939 Wilhelm Normann German chemist (harden van oliën), dies
1941 John R Locksmith de Brown vicar/CHU-politician, dies at 71
1945 Desider Antalffy-Zsiross Hungarian organist/composer, dies at 59
1945 Paul Josef Goebbels Nazi minister on propoganda, commits suicide
1946 Edward Cuthbert Bairstow composer, dies at 71
1946 Percy William Whitlock composer, dies at 42
1947 Sanner leader of Norger blood bath, executed
1948 Christos Ladas Greek minister of Justice, murdered
1952 William Fox [Fried] US film pioneer (Nickelodeon), dies at 73
1954 Tom Tyler actor (Lost Ranch, Coyote Trails), dies at 50
1957 Grant Mitchell actor (Great Lie, Laura, Cairo, Conflict), dies at 82
1959 Oscar Torp Norwegian premier, dies
1965 Leo Spies composer, dies at 65
1965 Spike Jones composer (Spike Jones Show), dies at 53
1968 Harold G Nicolson English author (English sense of humor), dies at 71
1969 Ella Logan actress (52nd Street, Woman Chases Man), dies at 56
1969 George Parker cricketer (2 Tests for South Africa 1924), dies
1971 Edith Day actress (Romance of Air), dies at 75
1971 Glenda Farrell actress (Grand Slam, Exposed), dies at 66
1972 Fernand Ansseau Belgian operator (Orfeo), dies at 82
1976 Rex O'Malley actor (Camille, Zara, Midnight, Thief), dies at 75
1978 Aram Katchaturian Russian composer (The Earth), dies at 74
1979 Berkeley Bertram McGarrell Gaskin cricketer (2 Tests for West Indies), dies
1981 Dr Clarence A Bacote historian & political scientist, dies at 75
1981 Peter Huchel writer, dies at 78
1982 Gene Sheldon actor (Bernardo-Zorro), dies at 72
1983 V N Swamy Indian cricket pace bowler (without distinction), dies
1984 Gordon Jenkins orchestra leader (NBC Comedy Hour), dies at 73
1988 Carroll Righter astrologer, dies at 88 of postate cancer
1988 Paolo Stoppa actor (Garibaldi, Visit, Freedom Fighters), dies
1989 David Webster South African white anti-apartheids activist, murdered
1989 Douglass Watson actor (Mac Cory-Another World), dies at 68
1989 Marion Mack actress (General), dies
1990 Sunset Carson cowboy actor (El Paso Kid, Oregon Trail), dies at 62
1991 Richard Thorpe director (Jailhouse Rock, Night Must Fall), dies
1993 Hans [Henri EA] Tuynman provo (Full-time Provo), dies at 50
1993 Pierre Bérégovoy PM of France (1992-93), commits suicide at 67
1993 Ranasinghe Premadasa President (Sri Lanka, 1989-93), assassinated at 68
1994 Ayrton Senna Brazilian Grand prix driver, dies in crash at 34
1994 Imre Gyöngyössy Hungarian director, dies at 64
1996 Asher Wallfish journalist, dies at 67
1996 Ivo Rudolph Jarosy film scholar/exhibitor, dies at 74
1996 William Mitchell Byers musician, dies on 79th birthday
1997 Bebe AKA Flipper, dolphin, dies at 40

1863 Battle of Chancellorsville begins

On this day in 1863, the Battle of Chancellorsville begins in Virginia. Earlier in the year, General Joseph Hooker led the Army of the Potomac into Virginia to confront Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. Hooker had recently replaced Ambrose Burnside, who presided over the Army of the Potomac for one calamitous campaign the previous December: The Battle of Fredericksburg, in which the Yankees amassed over 14,000 casualties to the Rebels' 5,000.

After spending the spring retooling and uplifting the sinking morale of his army, Hooker advanced toward the Confederate army, possessing perhaps the greatest advantage over Lee that any Union commander had during the war. His force numbered some 115,000 men, while Lee had just 60,000 present for service. Absent from the Confederate army were two divisions under General James Longstreet, which were performing detached service in southern Virginia.

Hooker had a strategically sound plan. He intended to avoid the Confederate trenches that protected a long stretch of the Rappahannock River around Fredericksburg. Placing two-thirds of his forces in front of Fredericksburg to feign a frontal assault and keep the Confederates occupied, he marched the rest of his army up the river, crossed the Rappahannock, and began to move behind Lee's army. The well-executed plan placed the Army of Northern Virginia in grave danger.

But Lee's tactical brilliance and gambler's intuition saved him. He split his force, leaving 10,000 troops under Jubal Early to hold the Federals at bay in Fredericksburg, and then marched the rest of his army west to meet the bulk of Hooker's force. Conflict erupted on May 1 when the two armies met in an open area beyond the Wilderness, the tangled forest just west of the tiny burgh of Chancellorsville. Surprisingly, Hooker ordered his forces to fall back into defensive positions after only limited combat, effectively giving the initiative to Lee. Despite the fact that his army far outnumbered Lee's, and had the Confederates clamped between two substantial forces, Hooker went on the defensive. In the following days, Lee executed his most daring battle plan. He split his army again, sending Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson further west around the Union's right flank. The crushing attack snapped the Union army and sent Hooker in retreat to Washington and, perhaps more than any other event during the war, cemented Lee's invincibility in the eyes of both sides.
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1915 International Congress of Women adopts resolutions

On this day in 1915 in The Hague, Netherlands, the International Congress of Women adopts its resolutions on peace and women’s suffrage.

The congress, also referred to as the Women’s Peace Conference, was the result of an invitation by a Dutch women’s suffrage organization to women’s rights activists around the world to gather in peaceful assemblage during one of the most divisive and intense international conflicts in history: World War I. It included more than 1,200 delegates from 12 countries—including Britain, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, Poland, Belgium and the United States.

Starting with two basic assertions—that international disputes should be handled by pacific means and that women should have the right to exercise their own vote in government—the International Congress of Women called for a process of “continuous mediation” to be implemented, without armistice, until peace could be restored among the warring nations. By continuous mediation, the delegates meant that a conference of neutral nations should be convened that would “invite suggestions for settlement from each of the belligerent nations and…submit to all of them simultaneously, reasonable proposals as a basis of peace.” Their resolutions, announced at the close of the congress on May 1, endorsed measures designed for international cooperation, including an international court and a so-called “Society of Nations,” general disarmament and national self-determination. The delegates included a specific call for women to be given the vote: “Since the combined influence of the women of all countries is one of the strongest forces for the prevention of war, and since women can only have full responsibility and effective influence when they have equal political rights with men, this International Congress of Women demands their political enfranchisement.”

The congress founded the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF), an organization that still exists today. The first president of the WILPF was Jane Addams, the leader of the American delegation to the congress and the co-founder of the Chicago social service organization Hull House. Addams and other delegates met with U.S. President Woodrow Wilson during the summer of 1915, knowing that the success of their plan depended to a great extent on the president’s agreement to initiate and lead mediation between the hostile nations of Europe. Though Wilson was sympathetic to the proposals of the congress, he eventually moved away from the principles of mediation and towards military preparedness (and eventual U.S. entrance into the war in April 1917).

Printed in English, French and German, the resolutions of the International Congress of Women were distributed to European heads of state in early May 1915. The congress also determined that a delegation of women would be sent to meet with representatives of the belligerent governments to plead the cause of continuous mediation. To that end, 30 delegates toured Europe between May and June 1915; though its arguments did little to sway the leaders of the warring nations, the proposals introduced by the congress are still used today as guidelines for many diplomatic negotiations between hostile nations.
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1887 Alan G. Cunningham, British liberator of Ethiopia, is born

On this day, General Alan Gordon Cunningham, commander of the British forces that captured Ethiopia, liberating it from its Italian invaders, is born.

The younger brother of Admiral Andrew Cunningham, the man who effectively eliminated the Italian naval threat in the Mediterranean as early as 1940, General Alan Cunningham did virtually the same to the Italian threat in Ethiopia. Overcoming topographical and administrative obstacles, Cunningham's forces entered Italian Somaliland, occupied the ports of Chisimaio and Mogadiscio, and then pursued the Axis enemy into the Ethiopian capital, Addis Ababa. On May 20, 1941, along with General Sir William Platt, whose army was advancing on the Italian invaders from the north, Cunningham received the surrender of Amadeo di Savoia, commander of the Italian armies. The way was paved for the return of Ethiopia's emperor, Haile Selassie.

Cunningham was less successful in campaigns in Libya and was finally relieved of his command. He returned to England and in 1941 was knighted for the successes he had enjoyed. He went on to become British high commissioner in Palestine from 1945 until Israel's independence in 1948. His autobiography, A Sailor's Odyssey, was published in 1951.
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1969 Senator criticizes Nixon's handling of the war

In a speech on the floor of the Senate, George Aiken (R-Vermont), senior member of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, urges the Nixon administration to begin an immediate "orderly withdrawal" of U.S. forces from South Vietnam. Aiken said, "It should be started without delay." The speech was widely regarded as the end of the self-imposed moratorium on criticism that senators had been following since the Nixon administration took office.

Nixon responded on several occasions that ending the Vietnam War was his "first priority." His first public act in response to the mounting criticism was to announce in June 1969 that he would begin an immediate withdrawal of 25,000 troops from South Vietnam with additional withdrawals to follow at specified intervals. In order to do this, he instituted his "Vietnamization" program, which was designed to increase the combat capability of the South Vietnamese forces so they could eventually assume responsibility for the entire war effort.
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1972 North Vietnamese troops capture Quang Tri

North Vietnamese troops capture Quang Tri City, the first provincial capital taken during their ongoing offensive. The fall of the city effectively gave the communists control of the entire province of Quang Tri. As the North Vietnamese prepared to continue their attack to the south, 80 percent of Hue's population--already swollen by 300,000 refugees--fled to Da Nang to get out of the way. Farther south along the coast, three districts oof Binh Dinh Province also fell, leaving about one-third of the province under communist control.

These attacks were part of the North Vietnamese Nguyen Hue Offensive (later called the "Easter Offensive"), a massive invasion by North Vietnamese forces designed to strike the blow that would win them the war. The attacking force included 14 infantry divisions and 26 separate regiments, with more than 120,000 troops and approximately 1,200 tanks and other armored vehicles. The main North Vietnamese objectives, in addition to Quang Tri in the north, were Kontum in the Central Highlands, and An Loc farther to the south.

Initially, the South Vietnamese defenders were almost overwhelmed, particularly in the northernmost provinces, where they abandoned their positions in Quang Tri. At Kontum and An Loc, the South Vietnamese were more successful in defending against the attacks, but only after weeks of bitter fighting. Although the defenders suffered heavy casualties, they managed to hold their own with the aid of U.S. advisers and American airpower. Fighting continued all over South Vietnam into the summer months, but eventually the South Vietnamese forces prevailed against the invaders, retaking Quang Tri in September. With the communist invasion blunted, President Nixon declared that the South Vietnamese victory proved the viability of his Vietnamization program, which he had instituted in 1969 to increase the combat capability of the South Vietnamese armed forces so U.S. troops could be withdrawn.